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          <h1 class="post-title" itemprop="name headline">P4语言环境快速安装配置
              
            
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        <h2 id="环境"><a href="#环境" class="headerlink" title="环境"></a>环境</h2><p>观察发现，网上有关于P4环境的搭建都是在Ubuntu中进行的，所以我这次也准备从众，使用Ubuntu系统对P4语言的环境进行安装配置。 本来是准备在之前安好Ubuntu的ChromeBook中进行这次实验，但是由于最近国内长城城墙突然变高，GitHub连接速度非常慢，而且容易超时，所以我在这里开了一台国际版azure虚拟机作为实验之用，如果是在国内使用，推荐挂载VPN或者SS之类的socket5代理进行操作。 我选择了Ubuntu14.04作为安装的系统环境。在安装之前，需要先下载P4的源码，这里直接使用p4factory，而不是去分别安装每一个模块。</p>
<h2 id="下载P4factory"><a href="#下载P4factory" class="headerlink" title="下载P4factory"></a>下载P4factory</h2><p>p4factory的Github地址：<a href="https://github.com/p4lang/p4factory" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://github.com/p4lang/p4factory</a> 在Ubuntu中直接使用git工具clone仓库即可。</p>
<p>mkdir ~/p4<br>cd ~/p4<br>git clone <a href="https://github.com/p4lang/p4factory.git" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://github.com/p4lang/p4factory.git</a><br>cd p4factory</p>
<h2 id="安装-升级依赖模块"><a href="#安装-升级依赖模块" class="headerlink" title="安装/升级依赖模块"></a>安装/升级依赖模块</h2><p>p4运行环境需要依赖许多其他github上的模块，在官方的Readme中，推荐使用git submodule update将子模块升级到最新版，但是在升级某些项目的时候会被github禁止。解决的方法很简单，生成SSH key，并且添加到Github中即可。</p>
<h3 id="生成SSH-key"><a href="#生成SSH-key" class="headerlink" title="生成SSH key"></a>生成SSH key</h3><p>设置git的username和password：</p>
<p>git config –global user.name “JasonBian”<br>git config –global user.email “<a href="mailto:Jason@xxx.com" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Jason@xxx.com</a>“</p>
<p>进入目录查看是否已经有ssh key</p>
<p>cd ~/.ssh</p>
<p>如果有的话就备份一下然后删除，没有的话就不用去管。 接着就是生成ssh key</p>
<p>ssh-keygen -t rsa -C “<a href="mailto:jason@xxx.com" target="_blank" rel="noopener">jason@xxx.com</a>“</p>
<p>连续按三次回车，生成成功！然后可以在.ssh目录看见两个文件：id_rsa和id_rsa.pub，其中id_rsa是私钥，由自己保存，id_rsa.pub是公钥，需要放在Github中去。 然后，把id_rsa.pub中的内容拷贝到Github中： 登陆Github，点击头像进入Settings，找到SSH and GPG keys，点击new SSH key，随便起一个title，然后</p>
<p>cat id_rsa.pub</p>
<p>将输出内容复制到key的输入框中Add即可（此时github需要你再次输入密码，并且添加成功之后会有邮件通知）。 最后，测试一下有没有安装成功~</p>
<p>$ssh <a href="mailto:git@github.com" target="_blank" rel="noopener">git@github.com</a><br>The authenticity of host ‘github.com (192.30.253.113)’ can’t be established.<br>RSA key fingerprint is 16:27:ac:a5:76:28:2d:36:63:1b:56:4d:eb:df:a6:48.<br>Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes<br>Warning: Permanently added ‘github.com,192.30.253.113’ (RSA) to the list of known hosts.<br>PTY allocation request failed on channel 0<br>Hi imaginezz! You’ve successfully authenticated, but GitHub does not provide shell access.<br>Connection to github.com closed.</p>
<p>出现上述提示说明已经安装成功。另外，也可以看见github中刚刚添加的sshkey变成了绿色。</p>
<h3 id="继续升级依赖模块"><a href="#继续升级依赖模块" class="headerlink" title="继续升级依赖模块"></a>继续升级依赖模块</h3><p>添加完ssh key以后，就可以放心升级依赖模块啦。</p>
<p>cd ~/p4/p4factory<br>git submodule update –init –recursive</p>
<h2 id="安装环境依赖"><a href="#安装环境依赖" class="headerlink" title="安装环境依赖"></a>安装环境依赖</h2><p>p4的源码非常复杂，主要由python和c++开发，所以环境依赖就更是复杂。好在官方提供了install_deps.sh脚本，可以一键安装所有的环境依赖。执行方式很简单：</p>
<p>sudo ./install_deps.sh</p>
<p>接下来，脚本就会自动使用apt和pip安装所需要的依赖包，并且也会对一些依赖包进行编译安装。这个时间可以刚好去泡一壶茶。 不过我在安装thrif的时候出现了编译错误，大体上错误提示是：thrift ‘SSLv3_method’ was not declared in this scope。我Google了一下，发现了一些解决方法。具体可以参考Github中这个issue：<a href="https://github.com/ptrkrysik/gr-gsm/issues/155" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://github.com/ptrkrysik/gr-gsm/issues/155</a>。 放在现在的环境中，在出现错误退出以后，会多一个install_temp的目录，先别急着删除，进入thrift的文件中</p>
<p>sudo vim install_tmp/thrift-0.9.2/lib/cpp/src/thrift/transport/TSSLSocket.cpp</p>
<p>搜索</p>
<p>ctx_ = SSL_CTX_new(SSLv3_method())</p>
<p>并改为</p>
<p>ctx_ = SSL_CTX_new(SSLv23_method())</p>
<p>然后退回p4factory文件夹，修改 install_deps.sh文件。</p>
<p>cd -<br>sudo vim install_deps.sh</p>
<p>做如下修改：</p>
<p>69行<br>mkdir install_tmp<br>修改为</p>
<p>#mkdir install_tmp</p>
<p>76行<br>cd test/cpp ;ln -s . .libs ; cd ../..<br>修改为<br>test/cpp ;</p>
<p>#ln -s . .libs ;<br>cd ../..</p>
<p>然后执行</p>
<p>sudo ./install_deps.sh</p>
<p>重新安装环境依赖，这时候应该就可以正常跑完了。 最后，安装veth（虚拟以太网）接口</p>
<p>sudo ./tools/veth_setup.sh</p>
<h2 id="进行编译"><a href="#进行编译" class="headerlink" title="进行编译"></a>进行编译</h2><p>sudo ./autogen.sh<br>sudo ./configure</p>
<p>编译过程没出现什么问题，现在应该已经可以正常使用整个环境了。</p>
<h2 id="测试basic-routing"><a href="#测试basic-routing" class="headerlink" title="测试basic_routing"></a>测试basic_routing</h2><p>安装完成以后可以跑一段官方demo验证是否可以跑起来。跟着文档走，选择测试basic_routing。 首先对P4工程进行编译，然后运行bm</p>
<p>cd p4factory/targets/basic_routing/<br>sudo make bm<br>sudo ./behavioral-model</p>
<p>紧接着，打开另一个终端，进入basic_routing文件夹</p>
<p>cd ~/p4/p4factory/targets/basic_routing/<br>sudo python run_tests.py –test-dir tests/ptf-tests/</p>
<p>当测试代码运行完成以后，可以看见之前启动bm的终端已经显示了在发包时候的具体操作，说明P4已经可以正常运行了。</p>

      
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